Plant Farm

Agriculture is a type of production that is based on plant growth, hewn, and fish. In a broad sense agriculture is the management of plants, animals and fish as well as the environment in order to deliver a product. Meanwhile, in the strict sense, Plant Farm is the management of crop plants and their environment in order to deliver a product.

Agricultural science is the study of how to manage the plants, animals, and fish and the environment in order to deliver maximum results. Based on the specifications, agricultural science can be classified into three major groups, namely the science of studying the particular crop plants, the science that studies special livestock breeding and fisheries science are studied specifically fish and aquatic animals.

History of Plant Farm
Agriculture began when humans started to observe the behavior of plants, animals, and fish, as well as factors that affect growth and development. Based on the history of agricultural development can be classified into 4 groups, namely:

Hunters and gatherers
Primitive agriculture
Traditional farming
Agriculture progressive / modern

Hunters and gatherers
The first humans to live in the tropical forests around the South China Sea nations Alitik (prapaleolitik) which is a group of people gathering food and hunting and fishing. For example is Semang tribe, tribal stronghold on the peninsula and sakad malaya, andaman and Aeta tribes in the Philippines, tribal toala in Sulawesi, Kalimantan tribal and tribal Poenans in tasadai in southern Mindanao.

Humans are hunter gatherers and nomadic (moving) but it is not wandering aimlessly in the forest. Each group has a specific region between 20-25 km2. They lived in caves or rock climbing. They also had a lot to know the kinds of plants and their habitats and usefulness. Knowledge of how to eliminate toxins from food and how well they have mastered preserves. For example, before eating seeds soaked in water and then put in bamboo and buried in the ground for over a month.

Primitive agriculture
When humans began gathering and hunting food trying to keep it from happening a link between periods of gathering and hunting with primitive agriculture.

People who like to eat fruit host durian, will stay near the durian trees to prevent monkeys and other animals spend the durian fruit. They also re-plant stems and tendrils of wild tuber tuber they had taken, so it can grow back. This action is a step toward primitive farming.

After centuries women have good knowledge of plant life. Eduard han and some other scholars considered the inventor of the way women are planting and producing food first. Han named primitive agriculture as Hackbau (culture or hoe hoe hoe tillage = farm, or a farm plow.) He considers hoe is a tool working women, while men plow working tool.

The first theory states han woman was the first to start planting may be acceptable but his opinion on the difference between primitive farming and agricultural work ahead based tools that are used especially associated with sex is not acceptable though in some regions or countries many women who worked as farmers.

The fundamental difference between the primitive agricultural farming is more advanced in terms of land use. Primitive farmers, farming moved. A piece of arable land once to 2 times then left and they seek new lands for cultivation and so on. So the farming system is called human or shifting cultivation.

Traditional plant farm
In traditional farming people receive a state soil, rainfall, and plant varieties as they are and as a natural given. Help on plant growth is only modest in some degree like watering, weeding, and protecting crops from nuisance wild animals in a way that reduced their ancestors.

Progressive plant farm (modern)
Humans use their brains to improve his mastery of all that affects the growth of plants and animals. Agriculture is an efficient business, agricultural problems faced by scientific research, irrigation facilities and drainage constructed and used to obtain the maximum yield, plant breeding done to get high producing varieties, response to fertilization, hold to pests and diseases and cook faster. Agricultural output in the form of bulk (barns) processed to obtain a higher price. Agricultural preservation method was developed to avoid the damage and get a high score.

In general understanding of agriculture is a human activity that includes farming, animal husbandry, fisheries and forestry. Most of the livelihoods of people in the world are farmers, so that the plant farm sector is crucial for plant development.

Forms Crops

1. Field
Rice fields are a form of plant farm that conducted in wetlands and requires a lot of water well irrigated, lowland rice, rainfed lowland, and tidal rice fields.

2. Moor
Moor is an upland area with irrigation water depends on rainfall, seasonal or annual crops planted and separate from the environment around your home. Land cultivated land made ​​it difficult for irrigation water, due to the uneven surface. In the dry season cultivated land would be dry and hard to overgrown crops.

3. Yard
Courtyard is a land that is in the home environment (usually fenced and entry into the house) are utilized / used for growing crops.

4. Field Switching
Shifting cultivation is an plant farm that conducted in many fields result in the clearing of forests or bush where after several harvesting / planting, the soil is not fertile so need to move to another fertile land or land that has not been tilled.

Some Plant Farm Results

1. Food Plant Farm
- Rice
- Corn
- Soybean
- Peanut
- Sweet Potatoes
- Cassava Tree

2. Trade Plant Farm
- Coffee
- Tea
- Coconut
- Rubber
- Kina
- Clove
- Cotton
- Tobacco
- Palm Oil
- Sugarcane